{"id":35588,"date":"2022-04-01T12:02:41","date_gmt":"2022-04-01T10:02:41","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.proquimia.com\/listeria-monocytogenes\/"},"modified":"2022-06-01T13:44:48","modified_gmt":"2022-06-01T11:44:48","slug":"listeria-monocytogenes","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/beta.proquimia.com\/en\/listeria-monocytogenes\/","title":{"rendered":"Listeriosis"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"listeriosis\"<\/a><\/p>\n

Listeriosis is an infection caused by the bacterium\u00a0Listeria monocytogenes<\/em><\/strong>. Outbreaks of this disease are generally related to the ingestion of foods containing large amounts of this bacterium.<\/p>\n

It is a relatively rare disease<\/strong>, since its incidence is quite low compared to other diseases associated with foodborne micro-organisms.<\/p>\n

However, Listeriosis is of special interest and concern because in its invasive form it is a serious disease, with very high lethality rates<\/strong> (between 10% and 30%). Moreover, Listeria monocytogenes<\/em>\u00a0is an opportunistic pathogen that almost always affects the population at risk, while in the general population its infection does not usually lead to the development of the disease.<\/p>\n

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Risk groups:<\/strong><\/h4>\n

– Pregnant women<\/p>\n

– Newborns<\/p>\n

– People with weakened defences:<\/p>\n

o Chronically ill people<\/p>\n

o Elderly people<\/p>\n

o Persons undergoing certain medical treatments<\/p>\n

\u00b7 The probability of contracting the disease is about 20 times higher in pregnant women than in other healthy adults.<\/p>\n

\u00b7 Patients with HIV\/AIDS are 300 times more likely to suffer from listeriosis than people with a normal immune system.<\/p>\n

\u00b7 People over 65 years of age represent 62% of those affected, with a mortality rate of 19%.<\/p>\n

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Incidence of Listeriosis<\/strong><\/h4>\n

The rate of human Listeriosis in the European Union in 2019 has a Prevalence of 0.46 cases per 100,000 people <\/strong>(EFSA 2020).<\/p>\n

The EU trend of confirmed cases of Listeriosis has remained stable over the last three years (2621 cases in 2019).<\/p>\n

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\"casos<\/a><\/p>\n

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Trend in reported confirmed human <\/em>cases of listeriosis in the EU\/EEA, by month, 2009\u2013 2019<\/em><\/p>\n

On the other hand, global data (WHO 2018) show low prevalence (0.01-0.1 cases per 100,000 people) but very high mortality (20 – 30%) in susceptible individuals.<\/p>\n

Infective dose<\/strong><\/h4>\n

The infective dose is not determined<\/strong> and depends on factors such as strain, host susceptibility (immune status, age,…) or the food matrix involved.<\/p>\n

According to a model used by EFSA, 92% of cases of invasive Listeriosis would be attributable to doses above 100,000 colony forming units (CFU) per serving.<\/p>\n

Therefore, assuming an average serving size of 50 g, this would correspond to a concentration of\u00a0Listeria monocytogenes<\/em>\u00a0above 2,000 CFU\/g at the time of consumption.<\/p>\n

However, it is likely that less than 1,000 CFU\/g can cause disease in susceptible individuals.<\/p>\n

Incubation period<\/strong><\/h4>\n

Gastroenteritis caused by\u00a0Listeria monocytogenes<\/em>\u00a0has a relatively short incubation period, ranging from a few hours to 2 or 3 days<\/strong>.<\/p>\n

On the other hand, in the severe, invasive form of the disease, the incubation period is usually 1 to 2 weeks, but can range from a few days to 3 months.<\/p>\n

This prolonged incubation period makes it difficult to identify the food at the origin of the infection.<\/p>\n

Symptoms of Listeriosis<\/strong><\/h4>\n

Listeriosis causes two forms of disease<\/strong> in humans:<\/p>\n